Basics of CNC Programming Milling.

Basics of CNC Programming Milling.

In previous article we discussed all about CNC machine; here we will discuss all about the basic of CNC Programming, how we can write a Programming for CNC Machine, CNC Programming for Milling machine. Before starting it is necessary to know what is CNC Programming.

What is CNC Programming ?

CNC Programming (Computer Numerical Control): A program which is used to control all movements all CNC Machines and their tools by using Numerical codes which is generated by computer. The CNC Programmer make this manually or with the help of CAM Software like CATIA, MasterCAM, Solidworks, Solid Edge, and many more CAM Software we will discuss later.

Things to be remember to write a CNC Program:

Knowledge of CNC Machine Axis (x,y, and z)

Basic Knowledge of CNC Machine.

Remember Some Basic Codes (G-Codes, M-Codes)

Tools and Tools Holder

Knowledge of CAM Software.

Importance Of Axis in CNC Programming Milling:-

Type of CNC Machine according to axis:

3 Axis CNC Machine: Generally 3 axis machine is most uses worldwide in this CNC Machine, the position CNC Machine is fixed whereas the cutting tool move along the axis xyz. There are Several operation which can be done smoothly by 3 Axis CNC Machine. Milling Slots, Drilling holes, Cutting sharp edges, etc.

4 Axis CNC Machine: This a similar as 3 axis machine, but there is a Rotary Axis around the X Axis is called A Axis. The purpose of axis is to remove materials of outer surface or holes sides in the direction of B Axis. Some importance roll of rotational axis, Engraving curved surface, Continuous cutting, intermittent cutting, etc

5 Axis CNC Machine: In a five axis CNC Machine, we can perform machining in five directions in a time. In this type of machine there are two or three rotational axis which moves automatically at the time of making finished products. 5 Axis machining used to make complex components and its programming is difficult and time taking..

Movements of CNC Axis

X axis – left to right

Y axis – front to back

Z axis – up and down

A axis – 180° rotation around the X axis

B axis – 180° rotation around the Y axis

C axis – 180° rotation around the Z axis

G- Codes and M- Codes of CNC Programming Milling Machine.

There are two types of code used in CNC Programming Milling or CNC Lathe

1. Preparatory Codes (G Code); G Code is a language in which people tell computerized machine tools how to make finished part products, it is also known as Preparatory Function, G Code is an ISO standard code means it will be same for all CNC Machine we can not change it. It is a main faction code for CNC Programming milling or lathe machine which control automated machine tools like tool path, speed of machine, the depth of cutting, finishing cut and many more.

There are most used G code for CNC Programming Milling and Lathe given bellow

Note: Remember Some g code may be changed, because at the time of manufacturing it divided into three categories A, B and C that means if category A is not working then we have to use another category B or C.

G Code

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